3251. CHESTNUT BARK DISEASE AND
OAK WILT DISEASE State Exterior Quarantine A quarantine is established against the following pests, their hosts, and possible carriers: A. Pests. Chestnut bark disease (Endothia parasitica), a fungus carried by birds, insects, water, wind, and shipment of nursery stock and unpeeled wood; and oak wilt disease (Ceratocystis fagacearum), a fungus carried under the bark of live or dead trees or parts of trees and also by oak bark beetles and sap beetles. B. Area Under Quarantine. All states and districts of the United States except the State of Arizona. C. Articles and Commodities Covered. All species and varieties of chestnut (Castanea spp.), chinquapin (Castanopsis spp.), oak (Quercus spp.), and tanbark oak (Lithocarpus densiflora) trees, plants, and parts thereof including grafts, cuttings, scions, nuts (except acorns), leaf mold, firewood, and unpeeled logs are hereby declared to be hosts and possible carriers of the pests herein quarantined against. D. Restrictions. 1. Commodities Covered Prohibited From Area Under Quarantine. Except as provided in paragraph (4) hereof, all commodities covered shall be refused admittance into the State of California from the area under quarantine unless each lot or shipment is accompanied by an official certificate evidencing compliance with paragraphs (2) or (3) below. 2. Commodities Covered Produced in Western States Admitted Under Certificate of Origin. All commodities covered produced in and shipped from that portion of the area under quarantine west of the states of Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, and New Mexico are admissible into California, provided that each lot or shipment is accompanied by an official certificate issued by, and *bearing an original or facsimile signature of, the authorized agricultural inspection official of the state in which the commodities were grown or shipped, affirming that chestnut bark disease and oak wilt disease are not known to occur in the state where grown, and also setting forth the name of the state where produced and the kind and amount of commodities covered by the certificate. 3. Commodities Covered Admissible Under Certificate of Treatment. Commodities covered may be shipped to California from the area under quarantine subject to prior approval by the Director of the method of treatment to be used. Except as provided in subsection (D.2), each shipment of a commodity covered must be accompanied by an official certificate issued by, and *bearing an original or facsimile signature of, the authorized agricultural official of the state of origin indicating the method of treatment, quantity of commodity covered, identification or license number of carrier, and the names and addresses of the shipper and consignee. 4. No Restrictions On Foreign Nuts. No restrictions are placed by this quarantine upon
the nuts of all species and varieties of chestnut and chinquapin (Castanea spp. and Castanopsis
spp.) grown in and imported from foreign countries when reshipped into or
arriving in this State in an unopened original container. CANADIAN GROWN
CHESTNUTS APPENDIX A 12‑18‑75 Chestnut bark
disease occurs in Canada. Chestnuts
from REJECTIONS APPENDIX B 07‑24‑84 The approved methods
of rejecting uncertified articles are: 1. return out of state, 2. burn to ash, or 3. bury to prevent
scavenging. OAK FIREWOOD FROM
MEXICO APPENDIX C 01‑30‑86 It has been
determined that oak firewood from Mexico from areas other than the State of
Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, and Tamaulipas does not present a risk of
introducing oak wilt disease.
Shipments of oak firewood from Mexico accompanied by a document issued
by authorities in Mexico showing the origin as other than one of those four
states are admissible. PROCESSED OAK
LEAVES APPENDIX D
09‑18‑86 Oak leaves with or
without stems that are commonly used in the florist trade which have been
processed (i.e., bleached, dyed, heat treated) do not present a risk of
transmitting oak wilt disease. These
items can be considered as exempt from this quarantine. SYNONYM APPENDIX E 08-12-87 Chinquapin
(Castanopsis
spp.) may also be labeled with a synonym, chinkapin
(Chrysolepis
spp.).APPROVED OAK WILT APPROVED OAK WILT TREATMENTS APPENDIX F 01-04-12 METHYL BROMIDE FUMIGATION A treatment for oak
wilt has been adapted for certification purposes. Shipments of regulated articles that are
certified by methyl bromide fumigation must be accompanied by a phytosanitary
certificate which indicates the treatment in the Treatment Section, T312 of
the Federal Treatment Manual {15 lbs MB/1000 ft3 for 72 hours at 5oC
(41oF) or above for logs or, 15 lbs MB/1000 ft3 for 48
hours at 5 oC (41 oF)
or above for lumber}. Two additional
declarations are required: 1. "The oakwood
in this shipment is certified free of oak wilt based on treatment." 2. "The treated oakwood
in this shipment met the EPA aeration standard emission level of 5 ppm or less prior to shipping." NOTE: This treatment is also an efficacious
quarantine treatment for chestnut bark disease, Endothia parasitica. HEAT
TREATMENT The
following heat treatment has been approved for oak logs and firewood: Logs
should be heated to 160oF for seventy-five minutes. Time begins
when interior temperature of log has reached 160oF. The
following additional declaration is required for logs heat treated as
outlined above: “The oakwood in this shipment is certified free of oak wilt
based on treatment.” OREGON APPENDIX G 01-09-91 Oak Wilt is not
known to occur in Oregon. Small lots
of oak firewood (one pickup load or less) for personal use can be allowed
entry into HORSE CHESTNUTS APPENDIX H 10-26-90 We have received
correspondence from Harbor Farm, Inc., Little Deer Isle, Maine regarding
shipments of decorated wreaths being rejected for violation of the chestnut
blight quarantine. Their wreaths do
not contain chestnuts, Castanea dentata, but rather are
decorated with horse chestnuts, Aesculus hippocastanum, an unrelated species.
Horse chestnuts are not covered by the chestnut blight quarantine and
should not be rejected. The primary way to
tell the difference between chestnuts and horse chestnuts is that chestnuts
are fairly uniformly shaped with a definite point on one end. Horse chestnuts are flatter, rounder and
somewhat irregularly shaped, almost lumpy in appearance with a fairly large
stem scar. They do not have a point on
the end of the nut. CERTIFICATES APPENDIX I 09-08-94
All commodities
covered under paragraph (C) may be shipped to California from the area under
quarantine as specified in (D.2) and (D.3) except that certificates without
an original or facsimile signature of an agricultural official from the state
of origin, such as stamp certificates, are acceptable.
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