301.32 FRUIT FLY

Federal Domestic Quarantine

A. Pest. Fruit fly (fruit flies). The melon fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett)), Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens (Loew)), Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann)), Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)), peach fruit fly (Anastrepha zonata (Saunders)), sapote fruit fly (Anastrepha serpentina), or West Indian fruit fly (Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart)), or other species of insects found in the family Tephritidae, collectively.

B. Area Under Quarantine.

Current fruit fly quarantine areas are posted on the United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service website:

https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/planthealth/plant-pest-and-disease-programs/pests-and-diseases/fruit-flies

C. Regulated Articles.

1. In the following table, the berry, fruit, nut, or vegetable listed in each row in the left column is a regulated article for each of the fruit fly species listed in that row in the right column, unless the article is canned, dried, or frozen below −17.8 °C (0 °F):

Botanical name	Common name(s)	Fruit fly
Abelmoschus esculentus = Hibiscus esculentus	Okra	Melon, Peach.
Acca sellowiana = Feijoa sellowiana	Pineapple guava	Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach.
Actinidia chinensis	Kiwi	Mediterranean.
Aegle marmelos	Indian bael	Peach.
Anacardium occidentale	Cashew	Oriental.
Annona cherimola	Cherimoya	Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Annona glabra	Pond-apple	Sapote.
Annona muricata	Soursop	Melon, Oriental, Peach.
Annona reticulata	Custard apple, Annona	Melon, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Annona squamosa	Custard apple	Peach.
Artocarpus altilis	Breadfruit	Oriental.
Artocarpus heterophyllus	Jackfruit	Oriental.
Averrhoa carambola	Carambola, Country gooseberry	Oriental, West Indian.
Benincasa hispida	Melon, Chinese	Melon.
Brassica juncea	Mustard, leaf	Melon.
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis	Cauliflower	Melon.
Brosimum alicastrum	Ramón	West Indian.
Byrsonima crassifolia	Nance	Sapote.
Calophyllum inophyllum	Alexandrian-laurel, Laurel	Oriental.
Cananga odorata	Ylang-Ylang	Oriental.
Capsicum annum	Pepper, chili	Mediterranean, Melon, Oriental.
Capsicum frutescens	Pepper, tabasco	Mediterranean, Melon.
Capsicum frutescens abbreviatum	Oriental bush red pepper	Oriental.
Capsicum frutescens var. grossum	Pepper, sweet	Oriental.
Carica papaya	Papaya	Mediterranean, Melon, Oriental, Peach.
Carissa grandiflora	Natal plum	Oriental.
Carissa macrocarpa	Natal plum	Mediterranean.
Casimiroa edulis	Sapote, white	Mediterranean.
Casimiroa greggii = Sargentia greggii	Sargentia, yellow chapote	Mexican.
Casimiroa spp	Sapote	Mexican.
Cereus coerulescens	Cactus	Oriental.
Chrysophyllum cainito	Star apple	Oriental, Sapote.
Chrysophyllum oliviforme	Caimitillo	Oriental.
Citrofortunella japonica	Orange, calamondin	Peach.
Citrullus colocynthis	Colocynth	Melon.
Citrullus lanatus = Citrullus vulgaris	Watermelon	Melon, Peach.
Citrullus spp	Melon	Melon.
Citrus aurantiifolia	Lime	Mediterranean, Mexican^1, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus aurantium	Orange, sour	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus jambhiri	Lemon, Rough	Mediterranean.
Citrus latifolia	Lime, Persian	Oriental.
Citrus limon	Lemon	Mediterranean,^2Mexican,^3Oriental, Peach.
Citrus limon x reticulata	Lemon, Meyer	Mediterranean.
Citrus madurensis = x Citrofortunella mitis	Orange, Panama	Sapote.
Citrus maxima = Citrus grandis	Pummelo or Shaddock	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus medica	Citrus citron	Mediterranean, Mexican, Peach.
Citrus paradisi	Grapefruit	Mediterranean, Melon, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus reticulata	Mandarin orange, tangerine	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus reticulata var. Unshu	Orange, Unshu	Mediterranean, Oriental.

Citrus reticulata x C. sinensis = Citrus nobilis	Orange, king	Mediterranean, Melon, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus reticulata x Fortunella	Orange, calamondin	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental.
Citrus sinensis	Orange, sweet	Mediterranean, Melon, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Citrus spp	Citrus	Sapote.
Clausena lansium	Wampi	Oriental.
Coccinia spp	Gourds	Melon, Peach.
Coccoloba uvifera	Seagrape	Oriental.
Coffea arabica	Coffee, Arabian	Oriental.
Cresentia spp	Gourds	Melon, Peach.
Cucumis melo and Cucumis melo var. Cantalupensis	Cantaloupe	Melon, Peach.
Cucumis melo var. conomon	Melon, oriental pickling	Melon.
Cucumis pubescens and Cucumis trigonus	Cucurbit	Melon.
Cucumis sativus	Cucumber	Melon, Oriental, Peach.
Cucumis utilissimus	Melon, long	Peach.
Cucurbita maxima	Squash	Melon.
Cucurbita moschata	Pumpkin, Canada	Melon.
Cucurbita pepo	Pumpkin	Melon.
Cydonia oblonga	Quince	Mexican, Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach, Sapote.
Cyphomandra betaceae	Tomato, tree	Melon.
Diospyros digyna	Black sapote	Sapote.
Diospyros discolor	Velvet apple	Oriental.
Diospyros khaki	Japanese persimmon	Mediterranean, Oriental.
Diospyros spp	Sapote	Sapote, West Indian.
Dovyalis hebecarpa	Kitembilla	Oriental, Sapote, West Indian.
Dracena draco	Dragon tree	Oriental.
Elaeocarpus angustifolius	Blue marbletree; New Guinea quandong	Peach.
Elaeocarpus grandiflorus	Lily of the valley tree	Peach.
Elaeocarpus madopetalus	Ma-kok-nam	Peach.
Eriobotrya japonica	Loquat	Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach, West Indian.
Eugenia brasiliensis = E. dombeyi	Brazil-cherry, grumichama	Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach.
Eugenia malaccensis	Malay apple	Oriental.
Eugenia uniflora	Surinam cherry	Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach.
Euphoria longan	Longan	Oriental.
Ficus benghalensis	Fig, Banyan	Peach.
Ficus carica	Fig	Mediterranean, Melon, Oriental, Peach.
Ficus macrophylla	Fig, Moreton Bay	Peach.
Ficus retusa	Fig, glossy leaf	Peach.
Ficus rubiginosa	Fig, Port Jackson	Peach.
Ficus spp	Fig	Peach.
Fortunella japonica	Chinese Orange, Kumquat	Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach.
Garcinia celebica	Gourka	Oriental.
Garcinia mangostana	Mangosteen	Oriental.
Grewia asiatica	Phalsa	Peach.
Jubaea chilensis = Jubaea spectabilis	Syrup palm	Oriental.
Juglans hindsii	Walnut	Oriental.
Juglans regia	Walnut, English	Oriental.
Juglans spp	Walnut with husk	Mediterranean.
Lablab purpureus subsp. purpureus = Dolichos lablab	Bean, hyacinth	Melon.
Lagenaria spp	Gourds	Melon, Peach.
Luffa acutangula	Gourd, ribbed or ridged, luffa	Peach.
Luffa aegyptiaca	Gourd, smooth luffa, sponge	Peach.
Luffa spp	Gourds	Melon, Peach.
Luffa vulgaris	Gourd	Peach.
Lychee chinensis	Lychee nut	Oriental.
Lycopersicon esculentum	Tomato	Mediterranean,^4 Melon,Oriental,Peach.
Madhuca indica = Bassia latifolia	Mahua, mowra-buttertree	Peach.
Malpighia glabra	Cherry, Barbados	Oriental, West Indian.
Malpighia punicifolia	West Indian cherry	Oriental.
Malus sylvestris	Apple	Mediterranean, Melon, Mexican, Oriental, Sapote, Peach.
Mammea americana	Mammy apple	Mexican, Oriental, Peach, Sapote.
Mangifera foetida	Mango, Bachang	Peach.
Mangifera indica	Mango	All.
Mangifera odorata	Kuine	Peach.

Manilkara hexandra	Sapodilla, balata	Peach.
Manilkara jaimiqui subsp. emarginata	Sapodilla, wild	Peach.
Manilkara zapota	Sapodilla, chiku	Oriental, Peach, Sapote, West Indian.
Mimusops elengi	Spanish cherry	Mediterranean, Oriental.
Momordica balsamina	Balsam apple, hawthorn	Peach.
Momordica charantia	Balsam pear, bitter melon	Peach.
Momordica cochinchinensis	Balsam apple, gac	Peach.
Momordica spp	Gourds	Melon, Peach.
Morus nigra	Mulberry	Oriental.
Murraya exotica	Mock orange	Mediterranean, Oriental.
Musa x paradisiaca = Musa paradisiaca subsp. sapientum	Banana	Oriental.
Musa acuminata = Musa nana	Banana, dwarf	Oriental.
Ochrosia elliptica	Orange, bourbon	Peach.
Olea europea	Olive	Mediterranean.
Opuntia ficus-indica = Opuntia megacantha	Prickly pear	Oriental.
Opuntia spp	Opuntia cactus	Mediterranean.
Passiflora edulis	Passionflower, passionfruit, yellow lilikoi	Melon, Oriental, West Indian.
Passiflora laurifolia	Lemon, water	Melon.
Passiflora ligularis	Granadilla, sweet	Oriental.
Passiflora quadrangularis	Granadilla, giant	West Indian.
Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima	Passionflower, softleaf	Oriental.
Persea americana	Avocado	Mediterranean, Melon, Mexican, Oriental, Peach, Sapote.
Phaseolus lunatus = Phaseolus limensis	Bean, lima	Melon.
Phaseolus vulgaris	Bean, mung	Melon.
Phoenix dactylifera	Date palm	Mediterranean, Melon, Oriental, Peach.
Planchonia careya = Careya arborea	Patana oak, kumbhi	Peach.
Pouteria caimito	Abiu	Sapote.
Pouteria campechiana	Eggfruit tree	Oriental, Sapote.
Pouteria obovata	Lucmo	Sapote.
Pouteria viridis	Sapote, green	Sapote.
Prunus americana	Plum, American	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Prunus armeniaca	Apricot	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Prunus avium	Sweet cherry	Mediterranean, Peach.
Prunus cerasus	Sour cherry	Mediterranean, Peach.
Prunus domestica	Plum, European	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Prunus dulcis = P. amygdalus	Almond with husk	Mediterranean, Peach^5.
Prunus ilicifolia	Cherry, Catalina	Oriental, Peach.
Prunus lusitanica	Cherry, Portuguese	Oriental, Peach.
Prunus persica	Peach	All.
Prunus persica var. nectarine	Nectarine	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Prunus salicina	Japanese plum	Mediterranean, Mexican, Peach, West Indian.
Prunus salicina x Prunus cerasifera	Methley plum	Peach.
Psidium cattleianum	Strawberry guava, Cattley guava	Mediterranean, Melon, Oriental.
Psidium cattleianum var. cattleianum f. lucidum	Yellow strawberry guava	Peach.
Psidium cattleianum var. littorale	Red strawberry guava	Oriental, West Indian, Peach.
Psidium guajava	Guava	All.
Punica granatum	Pomegranate	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach.
Pyrus communis	Pear	All.
Pyrus pashia	Kaeuth	Peach.
Pyrus pyrifolia	Pear, sand	Peach.
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa	Myrtle, downy rose	Oriental.
Sandoricum koetjape	Santol	Oriental.
Santalum album	Sandalwood, white	Oriental.
Santalum paniculatum	Sandalwood	Oriental.
Sapotaceae	Sapota, Sapodilla	Mexican.
Sechium edule	Chayote	Melon.
Sesbania grandiflora	Scarlet wisteria tree	Melon.
Sicyes sp	Cucumber, bur	Melon.
Solanum aculeatissimum	Nightshade	Peach.
Solanum mauritianum = S. auriculatum	Tobacco, wild	Peach.
Solanum melongena	Eggplant	Mediterranean,^6Melon, Peach.
Solanum muricatum	Pepino	Oriental, Peach.
Solanum pseudocapsicum	Jerusalem cherry	Oriental, Peach.
Solanum seaforthianum	Nightshade, Brazilian	Peach.
Solanum verbascifolium	Nightshade, Mullein	Peach.
Spondias dulcis = Spondias cytherea	Otaheite apple, Jew plum	Oriental, West Indian.
Spondias mombin	Hog-plum	Sapote, West Indian.
Spondias purpurea	Red mombin	Sapote, West Indian.
Spondias spp	Spanish plum, purple mombin or Ciruela	Mexican.
Spondias tuberose	Imbu	Oriental.
Syzygium aquem	Water apple, watery roseapple	Peach.
Syzygium cumini	Java plum, jambolana	Peach.
Syzygium jambos = Eugenia jambos	Rose apple	Mediterranean, Mexican, Oriental, Peach, West Indian.
Syzygium malaccense = Eugenia malaccensis	Mountain apple, Malay apple	Mediterranean, Peach, West Indian.
Syzygium samarangense	Java apple	Peach.
Terminalia bellirica	Myrobalan, belleric	Peach.
Terminalia catappa	Tropical almond	Oriental, Peach.
Terminalia chebula	Myrobalan, black or chebulic	Mediterranean, Oriental, Peach.
Thevetia peruviana	Yellow oleander	Mediterranean, Oriental.
Trichosanthis spp	Gourds	Melon, Peach.
Vaccinium spp	Blueberry	Mediterranean.
Vigna unguiculata	Cowpea	Melon.
Vitis spp	Grapes	Mediterranean, Oriental.
Vitis trifolia	Grape	Melon.
Wikstroemia phillyreifolia	Akia	Oriental.
Ziziphus mauritiana	Chinese date, jujube	Peach.

¹Sour limes are not regulated articles for Mexican fruit fly.

² Only yellow lemons are regulated articles for Mediterranean fruit fly.

³Eureka, Lisbon, and Villa Franca cultivars (smooth-skinned sour lemon) are not regulated articles for Mexican fruit fly.

⁴Only pink and red ripe tomatoes are regulated articles for Mediterranean fruit fly.

⁵Harvested almonds with dried husks are not regulated articles for peach fruit fly.

⁶Commercially produced eggplants are not regulated articles for Mediterranean fruit fly.

2. Plants of the following species in the family Curcurbitaceae are regulated articles for the melon fruit fly only:

Cantaloupe ( Cucumis melo )

Chayote ( Sechium edule )

Colocynth ( Citrullus colocynthis )

Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus )

Cucumber, bur ( Sicyes spp.)

Cucurbit ( Cucumis pubescens and C. trigonus )

Cucurbit, wild ( Cucumis trigonus )

Gherkin, West India ( Cucumis angaria )

Gourds ( Coccinia, Cresentia, Lagenaria, Luffa, Momordica, and Trichosanthis spp.)

Gourd, angled luffa ( Luffa acutangula )

Gourd, balsam apple ( Momordica balsaminia )

Gourd, ivy ( Coccinia grandis )

Gourd, kakari ( Momordica dioica )

Gourd, serpent cucumber ( Trichosanthis anguina )

Gourd, snake ( Trichosanthis cucumeroides )

Gourd, sponge ( Luffa aegyptiaca )

Gourd, white flowered ( Lagenaria siceraria )

Melon, Chinese ( Benincasa hispida )

Melon, long ( Cucumis utilissimus )

Pumpkin ( Cucurbita pepo )

Pumpkin, Canada ( Cucurbita moschata )

Squash ( Cucurbita maxima )

Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus = Citrullus vulgaris )

3. Soil within the dripline of the plants listed in paragraph (2) of this section or plants that are producing or have produced any article listed in paragraph (1) of this section.

4. Any other product, article, or means of conveyance not listed in paragraphs (1), (2), or (3) of this section that an inspector determines presents a risk of spreading fruit flies, when the inspector notifies the person in possession of the product, article, or means of conveyance that it is subject to the restrictions of this subpart.

D. Restrictions on interstate movement of regulated articles.

1. No person may move interstate from any quarantined area any regulated article except in accordance with this subpart.¹

¹ Permit and other requirements for the interstate movement of any of the fruit flies regulated under this subpart are contained in 7 CFR 330.

2. Section 414 of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7714) provides that the Secretary of Agriculture may, under certain conditions, hold, seize, quarantine, treat, apply other remedial measures to, destroy, or otherwise dispose of any plant, plant pest, plant product, article, or means of conveyance that is moving, or has moved into or through the United States or interstate if the Secretary has reason to believe the article is a plant pest or is infested with a plant pest at the time of movement.

E. Conditions governing the interstate movement of regulated articles from quarantined areas.

Any regulated article may be moved interstate from a quarantined area only if moved under the following conditions:

1. With a certificate or limited permit issued and attached;

2. Without a certificate or limited permit if:

a. The regulated article originated outside the quarantined area and is either moved in an enclosed vehicle or is completely enclosed by a covering adequate to prevent access by fruit flies (such as canvas, plastic, or other closely woven cloth) while moving through the quarantined area; and

b. The point of origin of the regulated article is indicated on the waybill, and the enclosed vehicle or the enclosure that contains the regulated article is not opened, unpacked, or unloaded in the quarantined area; and

c. The regulated article is moved through the quarantined area without stopping except for refueling or for traffic conditions, such as traffic lights or stop signs.

3. Without a certificate or limited permit if the regulated article is moved:

a. By the United States Department of Agriculture for experimental or scientific purposes;

b. Pursuant to a permit issued by the Administrator for the regulated article;

c. Under conditions specified on the permit and found by the Administrator to be adequate to prevent the spread of fruit flies; and

d. With a tag or label bearing the number of the permit issued for the regulated article attached to the outside of the container of the regulated article or attached to the regulated article itself if not in a container.

F. Issuance and cancellation of certificates and limited permits.

1. A certificate may be issued by an inspector for the interstate movement of a regulated article if the inspector determines that:

a. The regulated article has been treated under the direction of an inspector in accordance with §301.32–10; or

Based on inspection of the premises of origin, the premises are free from fruit flies; or

Based on inspection of the regulated article, the regulated article is free of fruit flies; and

b. The regulated article will be moved through the quarantined area in an enclosed vehicle or will be completely enclosed by a covering adequate to prevent access by fruit flies; and

c. The regulated article is to be moved in compliance with any additional emergency conditions the Administrator may impose under section 414 of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7714) to prevent the spread of fruit flies; and

d. The regulated article is eligible for unrestricted movement under all other Federal domestic plant quarantines and regulations applicable to the regulated article.

2. An inspector will issue a limited permit for the interstate movement of a regulated article if the inspector determines that:

a. The regulated article is to be moved interstate to a specified destination for specified handling, processing, or utilization (the destination and other conditions to be listed in the limited permit), and this interstate movement will not result in the spread of fruit flies because life stages of the fruit flies will be destroyed by the specified handling, processing, or utilization;

b. The regulated article is to be moved in compliance with any additional emergency conditions the Administrator may impose under section 414 of the Plant Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7714) to prevent the spread of fruit flies; and

c. The regulated article is eligible for interstate movement under all other Federal domestic plant quarantines and regulations applicable to the regulated article.

3. Certificates and limited permits for the interstate movement of regulated articles may be issued by an inspector or person operating under a compliance agreement. A person operating under a compliance agreement may issue a certificate for the interstate movement of a regulated article if an inspector has determined that the regulated article is eligible for a certificate in accordance with paragraph (1) of this section. A person operating under a compliance agreement may issue a limited permit for interstate movement of a regulated article when an inspector has determined that the regulated article is eligible for a limited permit in accordance with paragraph (2) of this section.

4. Any certificate or limited permit that has been issued may be withdrawn, either orally or in writing, by an inspector if he or she determines that the holder of the certificate or limited permit has not complied with all conditions in this subpart for the use of the certificate or limited permit. If the withdrawal is oral, the withdrawal and the reasons for the withdrawal will be confirmed in writing as promptly as circumstances allow. Any person whose certificate or limited permit has been withdrawn may appeal the decision in writing to the Administrator within 10 days after receiving the written notification of the withdrawal. The appeal must state all of the facts and reasons upon which the person relies to show that the certificate or limited permit was wrongfully withdrawn. As promptly as circumstances allow, the Administrator will grant or deny the appeal, in writing, stating the reasons for the decision. A hearing will be held to resolve any conflict as to any material fact. Rules of practice concerning a hearing will be adopted by the Administrator.

G. Compliance agreements and cancellation.

1. Any person engaged in growing, handling, or moving regulated articles may enter into a compliance agreement when an inspector determines that the person is aware of this subpart, agrees to comply with its provisions, and agrees to comply with all the provisions contained in the compliance agreement.⁵

⁵ Compliance agreement forms are available without charge from the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine, Emergency and Domestic Programs, 4700 River Road Unit 134, Riverdale, MD 20737–1236, and from local PPQ offices, which are listed in telephone directories.

a. Any compliance agreement may be canceled, either orally or in writing, by an inspector whenever the inspector finds that the person who has entered into the compliance agreement has failed to comply with any of the conditions of this subpart or with any of the provisions of the compliance agreement. If the cancellation is oral, the cancellation and the reasons for the cancellation will be confirmed in writing as promptly as circumstances allow. Any person whose compliance agreement has been canceled may appeal the decision, in writing, within 10 days after receiving written notification of the cancellation. The appeal must state all of the facts and reasons upon which the person relies to show that the compliance agreement was wrongfully canceled. As promptly as circumstances allow, the Administrator will grant or deny the appeal, in writing, stating the reasons for the decision. A hearing will be held to resolve any conflict as to any material fact. Rules of practice concerning a hearing will be adopted by the Administrator.

H. Assembly and inspection of regulated articles.

1. Any person, other than a person authorized to issue certificates or limited permits under 7CFR 301.32–5(c), who desires to move a regulated article interstate accompanied by a certificate or limited permit must notify an inspector as far in advance of the desired interstate movement as possible, but no less than 48 hours before the desired interstate movement.

2. The regulated article must be assembled at the place and in the manner the inspector designates as necessary to comply with this subpart.

I. Attachment and disposition of certificates and limited permits.

1. A certificate or limited permit required for the interstate movement of a regulated article must, at all times during the interstate movement, be:

a. Attached to the outside of the container containing the regulated article; or

b. Attached to the regulated article itself if not in a container; or

c. Attached to the consignee's copy of the accompanying waybill: Provided, however, that if the certificate or limited permit is attached to the consignee's copy of the waybill, the regulated article must be sufficiently described on the certificate or limited permit and on the waybill to identify the regulated article.

2. The certificate or limited permit for the interstate movement of a regulated article must be furnished by the carrier to the consignee listed on the certificate or limited permit upon arrival at the location provided on the certificate or limited permit.

J. Treatments.

1. Refer to the full text of 7CFR 301.98-10 for treatment options. Treatment schedules listed in 7 CFR 305 to destroy fruit flies are authorized for use on regulated articles. The following treatments also may be used for the regulated articles indicated:

a. Soil within the dripline of plants that are producing or have produced regulated articles listed 7 CFR 301.32(a) or (b). The following soil treatments may be used: Apply diazinon at the rate of 5 pounds active ingredient per acre to the soil within the dripline with sufficient water to wet the soil to at least a depth of 0.5 inch. Both immersion and pour-on treatment procedures are also acceptable.

a. Premises . Fields, groves, or areas that are located within a quarantined area but outside the infested core area and that produce regulated articles may receive regular treatments with either malathion or spinosad bait spray as an alternative to treating fruits and vegetables as provided in 7 CFR 305. These treatments must take place at 6- to 10-day intervals, starting a sufficient time before harvest (but not less than 30 days before harvest) to allow for development of fruit fly egg and larvae. Determination of the time period must be based on the day degrees model for the specific fruit fly. Once treatment has begun, it must continue through the harvest period. The malathion bait spray treatment must be applied by aircraft or ground equipment at a rate of 2.4 oz of technical grade malathion and 9.6 oz of protein hydrolysate per acre. The spinosad bait spray treatment must be applied by aircraft or ground equipment at a rate of 0.01 oz of a USDA-approved spinosad formulation and 48 oz of protein hydrolysate per acre. For ground applications, the mixture may be diluted with water to improve coverage.